Apostrophes

Apostrophes have two main uses - to show ownership or to show that letters are missing from a word.


Return to top

First use - showing ownership

An apostrophe is used to show ownership, that an object or idea is associated with a particular person or thing.

The pupil's books were left at the office. NB: one pupil's books

The pupils' books were left at the office. NB: several pupils' books

The school's motto was "Virtus Pollet".

The doctor's consulting room was open.



Learn the rule! Follow these steps and you'll get them right every time.

  1. Write down the name of the owner.
  2. Add the apostrophe.
  3. If the word doesn't end in s, now add an s.

NB: Possessives such as yours, theirs, its, ours, hers, his, whose don't have apostrophes:

Is this book yours?
Theirs is the car over there.
The kitten found its toy mouse.
That car is ours, but we are about to swap it for a new one.
The notebook was hers.
After a hard four sets, the tennis match was finally his.
Whose computers are those?


Return to top

Work out - ownership apostrophes

Try this activity about apostrophes.


Return to top

Second use - missing letters

An apostrophe is used to show that letters have been missed out of words.

With apostrophe Without apostrophe
Don't do that! Do not do that!
It's not right. It is not right.
They're late They are late.
We've lost the game. We have lost the game.
She won't be there. She will not be there.
Let's go! Let us go!
They'd won. They had won.


N.B. the difference between it's and its:

It's = it is. (as in "It is never too late.")

Its = belonging to it. (as in "The cat ate its food.")



Return to top

Word gym - missing letter apostrophes

Get some more practice using apostrophes.